How To Use A Big Stopper (10 stop ND filter) for Landscape Photography

Preparing for the Shot

Before you can even think about taking a picture, set up your camera correctly:

1. Use a Tripod: To prevent any movement during your long exposure.
2. Frame Your Composition: Get the scene ready, then focus your lens.
3. Turn Off Autofocus: The filter can confuse the autofocus system, so switch it off.
4. Use a Cable Release: This helps you trigger the shutter without touching the camera, further reducing shake.
5. Set to Bulb Mode: This allows you to monitor exposure times longer than 30 seconds, which is key in low-light situations.
6. Cover the Viewfinder: This prevents light from leaking into the camera and affecting your image.

With these steps, you’re ready to capture striking images, like a beautiful waterfall.

Calculating Exposure Time

Let’s break down how to calculate exposure time with a 10-stop filter. Suppose you start by measuring the light in a darker area near a waterfall, resulting in a base exposure time of 1/2 second. To achieve the correct exposure with the filter, follow these steps:

1. Adjust the Exposure: Take that meter reading of 1/2 second. Reduce the exposure by two stops to reach 1/8 second. By doing this you are placing the tone to be black rather than mid-tone grey.
2. Count Up for 10 Stops: Begin from 1/8 second and count your stops:

• 1/4 second
• 1/2 second
• 1 second
• 2 seconds
• 4 seconds
• 8 seconds
• 15 seconds
• 30 seconds
• 60 seconds
• 125 seconds (which is your final exposure)

By understanding this sequence, you can take precise control of your exposure, even without relying on phone apps.

Applying the Filter

Once you have calculated your exposure time, place the 10-stop ND filter on your lens and take your shot. With the waterfall example, setting a long exposure of 125 seconds will create a dreamy effect, smoothing the water flow beautifully.

Understanding the Result

Different photographers have different tastes. While some may love the look of a very long exposure, others may find it too much. Experimenting with the length of exposure allows you to find your unique style.

Using the Filter in Varied Landscapes

The versatility of a 10-stop ND filter extends beyond just waterfalls. For instance, when photographing a windy landscape such as Pilsdon Pen, you can add movement to the clouds. Here’s how:

1. Meter the Foreground and Sky Separately: Understand the brightness difference between the two to decide if a graduated ND filter is necessary.
2. Calculate the New Exposure: For example, if the foreground measures 1/60 second, and the sky is 1/250 second, you’ll need a graduated filter to balance the exposure.
3. Take the Final Shots: After determining the base exposure, apply the 10-stop filter to create captivating cloud movement in your landscape.

If you are unsure of how to use Neutral Density Graduated Filters then I have a tutorial elsewhere on my blog.

Making the Most of Gloomy Weather

Even cloudy days, which often seem uninviting, can lead to beautiful photographs using a 10-stop ND filter. For example, at Kimmeridge Bay, you might find the sky grey and dull, but with the filter, you can capture stunning long exposures that flatten the sea and create a moodier atmosphere.

To set up your shot:

1. Identify Your Base Settings: For instance, if your base exposure reads f/11, 1/4 second, ISO 100, this may not look exciting.
2. Calculate the Long Exposure: Increase it to about 250 seconds to add depth and interest, resulting in a captivating image even in less-than-ideal conditions. 

Conclusion

Learning how to use a big stopper or 10-stop neutral density filter can transform how you approach landscape photography. By following the preparation steps, calculating your exposure, and embracing various conditions, you can create stunning images that capture motion and mood. Whether you’re photographing waterfalls, moving clouds, or coastal scenes, the Big Stopper should be in your kit. Keep practising and experimenting to find your unique vision and style in photography.